Artificial Intelligence in Judicial Decision-Making: A Comparative Analysis of Recent Rulings in Colombia and The Netherlands

Integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into judicial decision-making is becoming common, as evidenced by recent cases in Colombia and the Netherlands. In these two different jurisdictions, judges used AI tools, specifically large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, to assist in their legal reasoning. According to a UNESCO survey on AI use in the judiciary, 44% of respondents reported using AI tools for work activities, with 41% using ChatGPT or other AI chatbots. AI tools are being implemented in courts and tribunals worldwide, ranging from simple tasks like automated e-filing to more complex functions such as automated decision-making. This trend raises concerns about balancing the flexibility needed for technological advancements with the core judicial values of accountability, impartiality, and due process.

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